Pertambangan Timah di Singkep oleh Singkep Tin Maatschappij (1889-1933)

Abstract

This research discusses the history of tin mining in Singkep conducted by Singkep Tin Maatschappij from 1889 to 1933. The study aims to explain the background of tin mining in Singkep, the establishment of Singkep Tin Maatschappij in 1889, and the tin mining activities in Singkep from 1890 to 1933. The research method used is historical research, involving steps such as heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. Data were collected through literature review and archival studies, analyzing books and archives from the Dutch East Indies colonial administration period. The results show that before 1889, tin in Singkep was managed by the Sultan of Lingga through traditional methods such as panning and digging small pits, with the tin sold to Singapore. The research found that tin excavation across the Singkep mainland was controlled by Singkep Tin Maatschappij based on a concession granted by Sultan Abdul Rahman II Muazzam Syah of Lingga. Land mining was conducted using open-pit (kollong), underground (seroengoengs), and hydraulic pressure methods. In 1907, Singkep Tin Maatschappij obtained a concession for tin dredging in the sea through Besluit No. 26 dated January 29, 1907. The dredging was carried out using three dredgers (baggermolen). Most of the mine workers were of Chinese descent. The research also shows that in 1933, the mining operations were taken over by Gemeeenschappelijke Mijnbouwmaatschappij Biliton.