Pengaruh Gaya Hidup terhadap Kejadian Prediabetes pada Kelompok Dewasa di Kota Medan

Abstract

Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are elevated above the normal range but have not yet reached the diagnostic threshold for diabetes mellitus. It is estimated that seven out of ten individuals with prediabetes who do not receive any form of intervention will eventually progress to diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of lifestyle factors on the incidence of prediabetes among the adult population in Medan City. This research employed a cross-sectional study design, with data analysis conducted using logistic regression tests. A total of 270 respondents had their blood glucose levels measured. Of these, 192 individuals (71,1%) were found to have prediabetes, while 78 (28,9%) did not. The respondents consisted of 145 females aged between 18 and 35 years, with a majority (70,6%) having attained a higher education level. Additionally, respondents held permanent employment (69,7%), and 74,5% respondents were married. The findings indicate that several lifestyle-related factors are significantly associated with the incidence of prediabetes among the adult population in Medan City, including sedentary lifestyle (PR = 2.607; 95% CI, 1.455–4.672), low consumption of vegetables and fruits (PR = 2.501; 95% CI, 1.432–4.371), physical inactivity (PR = 1.840; 95% CI, 1.023–3.336), body mass index (PR = 1.511; 95% CI, 1.038–2.198), and consumption of sweet foods and beverages (PR = 1.513; 95% CI, 1.038–2.209). It is recommended that the public increase their awareness and actively engage in preventive efforts, both individually and by regularly participating in community health programs provided by Puskesmas, such as Integrated Health Posts and free health check-up services, in order to reduce the incidence of prediabetes.