Efek Waktu Mordanting dan Waktu Fiksasi Bahan Pewarna Berbahan Dasar Daun Mangga (Mangifera indica) pada Kain Katun terhadap Kualitas Warna

Abstract

Synthetic dyes cause adverse effects on the environment, namely the waste they produce. Natural dyes are an alternative that are non-toxic, renewable, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly. Mango leaves contain the pigment mangiferin in the form of a greenish-brown paste, partially soluble in ethanol and water, and soluble in acetone. The dye yield obtained is around 20.48%. The harvested area of mango reaches 185,773 ha. This study was conducted to further develop previous research by using mango leaves as raw material with different observation variables, namely mordanting time and fixation time. The purpose of this study is to analyze the interaction between mordanting time and fixation time on the dyeing properties of mango leaves (Mangifera indica). The benefit of this study is to provide information regarding the effect of mordanting and fixation time on the final quality of natural dyes. The method used was simple: mango leaves were collected, extracted, scoured, mordanted with treatment durations of 10, 12, and 14 hours, the extracted dye was applied to cotton fabric, and fixation was carried out with treatment durations of 30, 45, and 60 minutes. The results of the study showed that the average value of color retention ranged from 3.51% to 8.78%; the color difference test ranged from 18.44 to 24.78; the average value of lightfastness ranged from 2.33 to 5.42; and color fastness to washing ranged from 2.72 to 11.96. Based on the analysis of variance, mordanting time and fixation time had no significant effect on color retention, color difference, lightfastness, and washing fastness.