Analisis Kejadian Pneumokoniosis pada Pekerja Pabrik Semen PT. X di Medan

Abstract

Background In the current era of industrialization, development is increasing rapidly, which also increases the risk of occupational lung disease, one of which is pneumoconiosis. Workers in cement industries, who are continuously exposed to cement dust, are at high risk of developing pneumoconiosis. Cement dust contains harmful components like silica and calcium, which can cause inflammation in the respiratory tract. This research aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of pneumoconiosis among workers. Research Objectives To analyze the occurrence of pneumoconiosis among workers at PT. X cement factory in Medan. This study aims to identify the risk factors associated with the occurrence of pneumoconiosis among workers, including individual factors such as age, gender, education, smoking habits, and occupational factors like PPE use, work duration, and respiratory symptoms. Research Method This research used an analytic approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 43 workers from PT. X cement factory in Medan, selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, physical examinations, and chest radiographs to assess respiratory symptoms. Research Results Significant relationship was found between respiratory symptom with pneumoconiosis incidences. No significant relationship was found between individual factors (age, gender, education, smoking habits) and occupational factors (PPE use, work experience, work location, and respiratory symptoms) with pneumoconiosis incidences. Despite exposure to cement dust, occupational factors and smoking habits were not directly related to the disease occurrence. The study recommends further research with a larger sample size and detailed dust level measurements. Conclusion Occupational factors and smoking habits did not show a significant relationship with the occurrence of pneumoconiosis among workers at PT. X cement factory in Medan. Despite exposure to cement dust, individual factors and occupational risk control through the use of PPE and other preventive measures need to be improved.