Analisis Tekanan Antropogenik Ekosistem Lanskap Daerah Aliran Sungai Asahan Toba

Abstract

The Asahan Toba Watershed (DAS) plays an important role in maintaining ecological and socio-economic balance, but faces pressure from anthropogenic activities. This study aims to analyze the level of human pressure on the landscape ecosystem of the Asahan Toba Watershed using a spatial-ecological approach. The data used include spatial information, namely administrative maps, road networks, buildings, and Sentinel-2 imagery, as well as non-spatial information, namely population density and education level. Spatial analysis used ArcGIS 10.8 to create maps of road density, building density, population density, education level, and NDVI. The results showed that anthropogenic pressure was categorized as low to very low covering 65.53% of the area. The dominance of the high greenness class in NDVI values covered 72.70% of the area. These findings indicate that relatively low human pressure supports the stability of ecosystem functions in the Asahan Toba Watershed area.