Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Tekanan Darah Tinggi pada Pekerja Pabrik Kelapa Sawit PT Langkat Sawithijau Pratama Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Indonesia is currently facing a shift in disease patterns, from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Industrial development in Indonesia is taking place very rapidly and the number of workers has also increased. Diseases can arise due to multifactors, work and the work environment are one of the causes. High noise and vibration intensity is one of the environmental conditions that can affect workers' health, one of which is increased blood pressure or hypertension. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015 showed that around 1.13 billion people in the world suffer from hypertension, meaning that one in three people in the world is diagnosed with hypertension. Based on Basic Health research in 2018, the prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia based on the results of measurements in the age population (≥ 18 years) is 34.1 percent or 658,201 cases. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that affect blood pressure in workers at the Palm Oil Mill PT. Langkat Sawithijau Pratama, Langkat Regency. This research method uses a cross-sectional design with a sample of 79 workers. Bivariate data analysis using Chi-Square test and multivariate data analysis using multi logistic regression test. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that smoking habits (p= <0.0001; 95% Cl: 2.731- 34.839), salt consumption (p= <0.0001; 95% Cl: 2.613-32.988), and noise (p= <0.046; 95% Cl: 1.027-23.931) were significantly associated with high blood pressure/hypertension. Meanwhile, age, working period and vibration showed no statistically significant influence (p> 0.05). The most dominant variable is the risk factor for the occurrence of high blood pressure/hypertension is smoking habit. Promotive and preventive interventions need to focus on controlling these risk factors in the work environment, providing personal protective equipment for workers and conducting routine health check-ups.