Penyebaran Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium Oxysporum F.Sp. Cubense) pada Tanaman Pisang di Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Arif Imam Sembiring. Spread of Fusarium Wilt Disease (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense) on Banana Plants in Langkat Regency. Supervised by Irda Safni Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense) is one of the main diseases threatening banana production in Langkat Regency. This disease attacks the vascular system of the plant, causing disruption of water and nutrient transportation, which leads to the death of the plant. This study aims to determine the distribution of Fusarium wilt disease, the incidence rate, prevalence, and characteristics of the fungus that causes it. The research was conducted using a survey method in 12 locations in four sub-districts, namely Batang Serangan, Sawit Seberang, Padang Tualang, and Secanggang. Samples were collected using purposive sampling technique, then isolated and identified in the laboratory. The results showed that the highest disease incidence was found in Tanjung Putus Village, Padang Tualang Subdistrict (42%), while the lowest was in Kepala Sungai Village, Secanggang Subdistrict (10%). The average disease prevalence in all locations was 8.09%. Identification of the fungus showed changes in colony color and size as it grew, from white in the early phase to purplish pink in the late phase with increased sporulation. The fungus has curved macroconidia for dispersal, small microconidia for rapid infection, as well as thick-walled chlamydospores that allow survival in soil under extreme conditions.