Pelindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Yang Dibebani Biaya Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) Dalam Transaksi Non Tunai Quick Response Indonesia Standard (QRIS) Dalam Usaha Retail Mikro (Studi Di Toko H Mart Di Kecamatan Medan Selayang)

Abstract

The development of the digital economy in Indonesia has accelerated financial inclusion, one example of which is the development of a digital payment system by Bank Indonesia, namely the Quick Response Indonesia Standard (QRIS). QRIS serves as a practical and efficient payment channel, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). However, in its implementation, there are still instances where additional fees are imposed on consumers in the form of Merchant Discount Rates (MDR), which should be borne by the businesses themselves. This thesis aims to examine the regulation of QRIS as a valid payment method in Indonesia, analyze the application of MDR charges to consumers in non-cash QRIS transactions at the micro-retail business Toko H Mart in Medan Selayang District, and analyze the legal protections that can be provided to consumers regarding these MDR charges. The research method used is normative law with a statutory approach and supported by field research. The data used in this study consists of primary data collected through interviews with the owner of Toko H Mart and employees of the Bank Indonesia Representative Office in North Sumatra Province. Secondary data was collected through primary legal materials (statutes) and secondary legal materials (books, journals, scientific articles). Based on the discussion results, it was found that QRIS has been comprehensively regulated by Bank Indonesia through various regulations. However, the imposition of MDR fees by businesses on consumers still occurs, as found at H Mart Medan Selayang, indicating low understanding of regulations and weak supervision. This practice is contrary to applicable law. Consumers who are unilaterally charged MDR fees have the right to file a complaint with Bank Indonesia, consumer protection agencies, or pursue legal action to hold businesses accountable.