Rancang Bangun Antena Mikrostrip Patch Rectangular Array 4x1 dengan Slot Rectangular pada Frekuensi 2,45 GHz Berbasis CST Studio Suite dan Random Forrest

Abstract

The advancement of wireless communication technology demands efficient transmission systems, including compact and high-performance antennas. Microstrip patch antennas are widely used due to their lightweight structure, simple fabrication, and ease of integration with modern systems. This study focuses on the design and optimization of a 2×1 rectangular microstrip patch array antenna with a rectangular slot, operating at 2.45 GHz. Optimization was carried out using the Random Forest machine learning algorithm to achieve a more efficient and accurate antenna design. Simulation results show improved antenna performance, with a gain of 7.13 dBi, bandwidth of 61.3 MHz, return loss of -12.53 dB, and a VSWR of 1.61. Real-world testing using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) confirmed the antenna's capability to operate effectively at 2.45 GHz, supporting communication within the ISM frequency band. The machine learning-based design approach proved effective in providing optimal antenna recommendations. This research is expected to serve as a reference for intelligent antenna development and as a learning module in the Smart Radio System Laboratory, Universitas Sumatera Utara.