Pembuatan Karbon Aktif Ampas Tebu dengan Polivinil Alkohol (PVA) sebagai Adsorben Logam Timbal (Pb) dan Besi (Fe) pada Air Sumur

Abstract

This study aimed to produce and characterize activated carbon derived from sugarcane bagasse with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as an adsorbent for lead (Pb) and iron (Fe) in well water. The carbon was produced through a carbonization process at 300 °C for 2 hours. The resulting carbon was physically activated using an oven furnace at 600 °C and 800 °C. Adsorption of Pb and Fe was carried out with variations in mass. The produced activated carbon was tested for physical properties (moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon content to determine compliance with the Indonesian National Standard for activated carbon), as well as by SEM-EDS, XRD, FTIR, BET, and AAS analyses. The results showed an optimum adsorption percentage of 100% for Pb at 800 °C and 94.76% for Fe at 600 °C. These optimum values demonstrated that the activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with PVA at activation temperatures of 600 °C and 800 °C reduced Pb and Fe ion concentrations in well water, with Pb concentration after adsorption being <0.059 mg/L and Fe at 0.287 mg/L. Based on these optimum results, it was concluded that the activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with PVA at activation temperatures of 600 °C and 800 °C was capable of adsorbing Pb and Fe ions.