Pengaruh Karakteristik Individu dan Personal Hygiene terhadap Gangguan Kulit pada Pemulung di Tempat Pembuangan Akhir Sampah Kelurahan Terjun Medan Marelan

Abstract

Skin disorders are among the most common health problems worldwide, affecting nearly 900 million people. Occupational skin diseases are particularly prevalent, with waste pickers being among the most vulnerable groups due to their high-risk working environments. Factors contributing to skin disorders among waste pickers include biological exposures in the workplace-such as fungi, viruses, and bacteria found in waste-as well as behavioral factors such as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and personal hygiene practies. This study aimed to analyze the influence of individual characteristics and personal hygiene on skin disorders among waste pickers at the Terjun Landfill in Medan Marelan. This research employed a cross-sectional design with a total sample of 82 waste pickers. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test, while multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. The results showed that 71 respondents (86.6%) experienced skin disorders. There were significant associations between skin disorders and work duration (p = 0.005), medical history (p = 0.001), PPE use (p = 0.003), skin hygiene (p = 0.007), and hand, foot, and nail hygiene (p = 0.001). Further analysis revealed that medical history (p = 0.041), skin hygiene (p = 0.007), and hand, foot, and nail hygiene (p = 0.001) significantly influenced the occurrence of skin disorders among waste pickers. The most dominant factor was skin hygiene, with an Exp.B value of 39.603. It is recommended that waste pickers at the Terjun Landfill, Medan Marelan consistently use complete PPE while working and maintain good personal hygiene practices such as cleaning their entire body after work, changing work clothes daily, and washing them thoroughly.

Keywords: Skin disorders, personal hygiene, landfill