Adsorben Berbasis Zeolit Alam Pahae dan Karbon Aktif Ampas Kopi Sebagai Filter Gas Buang Kendaraan Bermotor Roda Dua

Abstract

Research on zeolite-activated charcoal based adsorbent of coffee grounds as exhaust filters for two-wheeled motor vehicles has been conducted. Zeolite as matrix and activated carbon coffee grounds as filler with powder size of 149 µm (100 mesh). The zeolite matrix was chemically activated using 1 M NaCl solution at 80ºC for 1 hour. XRF test on zeolite showed an increase in SiO2 from 46.247% to 69.00% and Al2O3 from 13.287% to 15.14%, with the Si/Al ratio increasing from 3.26 to 4.02 after chemical activation. While the coffee grounds activated carbon filler was carbonized at a temperature of 300ºC for 1 hour. The adsorbent was molded using a hydraulic press with a given load mass of 5 tons for 10 minutes, with variations in the composition of zeolite:coffee grounds activated carbon, namely 0%:100%, 25%:75%, 50%:50%, 75%:25%, and 100%:0%. The adsorbent was physically activated at 600ºC for 4 hours. The highest porosity test was obtained at a composition of 0%:100% of 42.4474371%. The maximum hardness is found in the composition of 100%:0% of 21.49562 kgf. SEM-EDS test shows porous surface morphology and dominant element distribution of Si, Al, and C. FTIR spectrum shows the presence of O-H functional groups (3200-3700 cm⁻¹), H-O-H (1600-1650 cm⁻¹), and Si-O-Si and Si-O-Al vibrations (450-1100 cm⁻¹) which support the adsorption activity of exhaust gas pollutants. XRD pattern shows the presence of crystalline phase in zeolite and amorphous in activated carbon, with the highest degree of crystallinity in the composition of 75%:25% of 100.546%, and the lowest in the composition of 50%:50% of 17.2207%. Emission testing was carried out using an Exhaust Gas Analyzer (EGA), showing that the optimum reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) levels of up to 3.49% and optimum hydrocarbon (HC) levels of up to 2.17% occurred in samples with a composition ratio of 50%:50%.