Pola Asuh Orangtua dalam Keluarga Etnis Batak Toba dan Jawa di Kelurahan Tegal Rejo, Kecamatan Medan Perjuangan

Abstract

This study aims to determine the differences and similarities in parenting patterns based on the cultural background of the Batak Toba and Javanese ethnic groups in Tegal Rejo Village, Medan Perjuangan District. In a multicultural society like Medan, child-rearing patterns are greatly influenced by the cultural values held by each ethnic group. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Batak Toba ethnic group tends to apply authoritarian and authoritative parenting patterns that emphasize discipline, responsibility towards the clan, and respect for customs. Meanwhile, the Javanese ethnic group tends to apply authoritative and permissive parenting patterns by emphasizing the values of harmony, manners, and spirituality. These differences are also influenced by factors such as parental education, economic conditions, social environment, and religious values. This study concludes that culture has a significant influence on the way parents raise children, and that the parenting patterns applied have implications for the emotional, social, moral, and language development of children. These findings are expected to be input in developing child education strategies based on local culture.