Desain Sepeda Mesin Uap Berbahan Bakar Gas LPG (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) Menggunakan Sasis Tricycle dengan Kompor Pengatur Suhu Otomatis

Abstract

Air pollution resulting from the use of fossil-based fuels remains a major contributor to global health issues. According to data released by NASA based on the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study, fine particulate matter and ozone-related air pollution caused an estimated 8.34 million deaths annually (95% CI: 5.63–11.19 million), with 52% of the burden linked to cardiometabolic conditions. In response to this issue, this study aims to design and develop an environmentally friendly steam-powered vehicle prototype using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as the primary fuel. The system integrates an automated burner that regulates combustion temperature within a safe and efficient range, between 180°C and 200°C, to prevent boiler overheating beyond 250°C. The resulting prototype features a stable tricycle chassis capable of supporting the steam engine. Performance tests demonstrated that the steam system operates effectively, producing 8 bar of steam pressure and maintaining adequate steam supply during operation. Further analysis showed the vehicle reached a maximum speed of 15 km/h at an optimal boiler temperature of 200°C. The automated burner system successfully maintained combustion temperatures within the desired range, ensuring operational safety and thermal efficiency.