Peran Ganda Perempuan Partonun Etnis Batak Toba Di Desa Pansurnapitu Simarlalai Kecamatan Siatas Barita Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara

Abstract

This study discusses the phenomenon of dual roles experienced by female weavers of the Batak Toba ethnic group in Pansurnapitu Simarlailai Village. Women in this community are not only responsible for domestic work such as taking care of the household and children, but also play an active role in economic activities by weaving ulos cloth as an effort to support family needs. In the Batak Toba community which still adheres to a patrilineal kinship system, women often face social pressure and gender inequality, which burdens their dual roles. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation methods for informants consisting of weavers and traditional leaders. The results of the study show that female weavers experience physical and psychological stress due to the demands of carrying out two roles at once. However, they continue to show resilience and adaptive strategies such as dividing their time efficiently and building social networks. This study emphasizes the importance of public awareness and government support in easing the burden on women through a fairer division of roles and economic empowerment. These findings contribute to the study of gender anthropology, especially related to the dynamics of women's roles in traditional societies that are transforming.