Dekomposisi Serasah dan Identifikasi Fungi Daun Eukaliptus dari Klon di PT. Toba Pulp Lestari Sektor Habinsaran dan Sektor Aek Nauli

Abstract

Eucalyptus leaf litter is known to be difficult to decompose due to its high content of lignin, cellulose, and phenolic compounds such as essential oils, which have antimicrobial properties. This study aims to examine the decomposition rate of eucalyptus leaf litter and to identify the fungal species involved in the process at PT. Toba Pulp Lestari. Eucalyptus leaf litter decomposes slowly due to secondary metabolites such as essential oils with antimicrobial properties. Observations were carried out over a 90-day period at 15-day intervals to measure the reduction in dry weight and to isolate fungi using PDA media. The decomposition rate was recorded at 4.6/year. Four fungal species were identified: Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sp., and Penicillium sp., with a moderate diversity index (H’ = 1.21). Environmental factors such as temperature, soil moisture, light intensity, and wind speed influenced the decomposition process. This study provides important information on the types of fungi that decompose Eucalyptus leaf litter and their role in the decomposition of Eucalyptus litter and can be the basis for organic waste management in industrial forest plantation areas.