Pengelolaan Asuhan Keperawatan dalam Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Nutrisi pada Lansia Penderita Diabetes Melitus di Kecamatan Medan Johor

Abstract

Nutritional needs in diabetic patients are the main source of blood sugar for the body so that it plays a very important role in DM patients to regulate their diet to achieve and maintain normal blood sugar levels. This problem is caused by a low understanding of diet management, weak motivation to implement healthy living behaviors, and minimal assistance in meeting daily nutritional needs. This senior practicum aims to implement nursing care management in meeting nutritional needs in elderly people with diabetes mellitus through the application of appropriate nutritional management principles in the Medan Johor District area. The instruments used in compiling this report are the assessment format and questionnaire. The method used in this report is a case study with a nursing process approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, physical examinations, and MNA-SF (Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form) questionnaires to assess nutritional needs. The results of the provision of nursing care showed that the three clients with the same problem, namely nutritional deficits related to the inability to absorb nutrients, had different MNA-SF scores but in the same category, namely at risk of malnutrition (Mrs. P = 10, Mrs. R = 9, and Mrs. K = 9). There is an increase in understanding about fulfilling nutritional needs by implementing a DM diet in all three clients. Nutritional needs interventions involving families can improve the control of blood sugar levels, nutritional status, and knowledge in the elderly, so it is recommended to be implemented in geriatric and community nursing services.