Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daun Pugun Tano (Picria fel-terrae Lour.) terhadap Kadar HDL Tikus yang Diinduksi Streptozotocin dan Nikotinamida

Abstract

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and has a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. Decreased HDL levels are one of the characteristics of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). An experimental animal model with a combination of High Fat Diet (HFD). Streptozotocin, and nicotinamide (STZ-NA) represents the condition of T2DM with dyslipidemia. Pugun tano plant (Picria fel-terrae Lour) contains secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that have the potential to improve lipid profiles. Therefore, research is needed to examine the effect of extracts and fractions of Pugun tano leaves on HDL levels in STZ-NA-induced rats. To evaluate the effect of ethanol extract and fraction of pugun tano leaves on HDL levels, body weight, and macroscopic liver organ in rats induced by streptozotocin and nicotinamide.This Experimental study with 28 male Wistar rats divided into 7 groups, including normal control, negative control (CMC Na 0,5%), positive control (simvastatin dose 0,9 mg/kgBB), and treatment groups, namely Ethanol Extract of Pugun Tano leaves (EEPT), N-Hexan Fraction (FNH), Ethyl Acetate Fraction (FET), Residual Fraction (FS), each dose of 100 mg/kgBB. Rats were induced diabetes with a combination of HFD, streptozotocin (65 mg/kgBB), and nicotinamide (230 mg/kgBB), then treated for 14 days. Parameters observed: HDL levels (mg/dL), body weight, and liver macroscopy. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test. The administration of extracts and fractions of pugun tano leaves has an effect on increasing post-induction body weight and providing morphological changes in liver organs in reducing hepatic steatosis. The EEPT and FET groups showed a significant increase in HDL levels (p < 0.05) against the negative control. Extracts and ethyl acetate fraction of pugun tano leaves have the potential to increase HDL levels in T2DM rats with dyslipidemia.