Analisis Rencana Pengembangan Wisata Berbasis Spasial di Kawasan Air Terjun Janji Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

Abstract

Spatial based-tourist development planning can help stakeholders develop Lake Toba tourism, especially in villages of Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The objective of the research is to analyze spatial aspects of the Janji Waterfall in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra and to analyze the development plan of the waterfall to support tourist development in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The data consist of the map of administrative boundary, the map of the type of soil, the map of land coverage, the map of slanting surface, the coordinate of attractions location and tourism facilities. Spatial analysis is done with the instruments of the geographical information system, using spatial and overlay joint methods applied for describing the area of physical characteristics, accessibility condition, the condition of tourism facilities, and the level of tourist development compatibility. Questionnaires are distributed to visitors while field observations and interviews with the stakeholders are conducted to get confirmation about the result of spatial analysis. Based on the physical characteristics, it shows that most of the waterfall area is dominated by a range of hills with a very steep slope and wild bushes and land which easily slides down. It is indicated that, although it is a potentially attractive tourist object, it can be vulnerable to landslide disaster. Although it is a physically and naturally attractive, the Janji Waterfall area provides a waterfall, Bakkara valley and Lake Toba, supported by cultural and historical elements which attract more dan more tourists. There are four main accesses to the waterfall, and the most common one used by tourists is the Dolok Sanggul - Bakti Raja lane. The road is in good condition, it has good traffic signs which are easily accessed by using Google maps. There are 22 tourist facilities and infrastructures close to the waterfall which can be gotten through in the range of 1 - 15 kilometers. Viewed from the aspect of the appropriateness of tourist development land, the area of the Janji Waterfall is located on the flat area while most of the area of Marbun Toruan is in the category of incompatibility. The tourist development plan of the waterfall is resulting from the analysis on the physical spatial characteristics, the analysis on 3A spatial element and the management plan from stakeholders. The waterfall development plan is based on the element of land use, accessibility, land compatibility and slope, security, visitors, the local people and institutional. The waterfall should implement the concept of tourist development which is supported by disaster mitigation which is known as MSP+DM which includes the elements of Marketability (M), Sustainability (S), Participatory (P) and Disaster Mitigation (DM). It is also recommended that the next researchers to their research on tourist development in a more detailed scale by supplying maps on attraction development plan, accessibility and amenity so that the area of the Janji Waterfall can be more operational in supporting tourist development.