Perspektif Masyarakat Perantau Di Kota Medan Dan Masyarakat Desa Sihonongan Kecamatan Paranginan Terkait Fenomena Perkawinan Serumpun Marga Simatupang ( Sianturi- Siburian)

Abstract

This study aims to understand the perspectives of the people of Medan City and Paranginan Village on the phenomenon of consanguineous marriage within the Simatupang (Sianturi-Siburian) clan. In Toba Batak customs, consanguineous marriage is traditionally considered a violation of the Dalihan Na Tolu kinship system, as it is viewed as marriage between people of the same descent or blood. Nevertheless, this practice is still found in certain communities, whether for reasons of love, limited partners, or close family ties. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and observations of the migrant community in Medan City and the community in Paranginan Village. The analysis was conducted using Emile Durkheim's sentiment theory, which explains that customary rules and prohibitions on consanguineous marriage are part of the social facts and collective sentiments that bind society. These social facts function to maintain social order and harmony, while collective sentiments form the basis for the emergence of solidarity among clan members. The results of the study indicate differences in perspectives on the prohibition on consanguineous marriage. Migrant communities in the city tend to maintain the prohibition as a symbol of respect for ancestors and traditional identity amidst a pluralistic modern life. In contrast, the Paranginan village community demonstrates a more adaptive attitude, continuing to hold traditional ceremonies as a form of social legitimacy, ensuring that consanguineous marriages remain accepted within the customary framework. This phenomenon demonstrates a shift in values ​​and forms of social solidarity. Rural communities reflect mechanical solidarity, emphasizing togetherness, while urban communities demonstrate organic solidarity, affirming traditional identity amidst modernity. Thus, the phenomenon of consanguineous marriages in Toba Batak society is not simply a violation of customary law, but rather a manifestation of social and moral dynamics that demonstrate the community's efforts to balance tradition, identity, and social change within the Dalihan Na Tolu value system.