Strategi Pengembangan Kawasan Berbasis Komoditas Unggulan di Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

Abstract

Agriculture is the main sector supporting the economy of Bebesen District, Central Aceh Regency. However, the dynamics of production and competitiveness of leading commodities still face challenges such as price fluctuations, limited post-harvest facilities, and declining productivity of Arabica coffee as a regional icon commodity. This study aims to identify leading commodities, analyze the economic position of the agricultural sector, and formulate development strategies based on local potential. The method used is a mixed method approach with Location Quotient (LQ) analysis to determine basic commodities, Klassen Typology to analyze economic growth, and quantitative SWOT analysis using IFAS and EFAS matrices to formulate development strategies. Data were obtained from interviews, FGDs, and secondary data (BPS Central Aceh, the Department of Agriculture, and literature). The results show that potatoes, cabbage, cauliflower, spring onions, and shallots have LQ values > 1 so they are categorized as basic commodities with a significant contribution to the GRDP of Bebesen District (an average of 41–42% in the 2019–2023 period). Based on the Klassen Typology, Bebesen District has been in Quadrant I (developed and growing rapidly) since 2022, indicating that the agricultural sector is the main driver of economic growth. A SWOT analysis places Bebesen in an aggressive strategy (Quadrant I) with an IFAS score of 2.52 and an EFAS score of 2.52, indicating the need to strengthen the sector through horticultural downstreaming, marketing digitalization, integration of Gayo culture-based agrotourism, and revitalization of Arabica coffee. The development of superior horticulture based on downstreaming and agrotourism is key to increasing Bebesen's competitiveness and economic sustainability, in line with SDGs 1 and 8.