Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Keamanan Data Pribadi Debitur Pinjaman Online Ilegal Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Pelindungan Data Pribadi Dan Peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dalam Penanganannya (Studi pada Aplikasi Pinjaman Online Ilegal Dana Amanah Bunga Rendah)

Abstract

Advances in digital technology have had a significant impact on the development of financial services, one of which is the emergence of various online lending platforms. However, despite the convenience offered, illegal online lending practices are also rampant, causing serious problems. One example is the illegal lending service "Dana Amanah Bunga Rendah," which misuses debtors' personal data without valid consent. This study aims to understand the legal regulations governing online lending services, the legal measures and protections against the dissemination of personal data from illegal online lenders, and the obstacles faced by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in providing protection against the dissemination of debtors' personal data. The method used in this study is a normative juridical method with a statutory and case study approach. Data were obtained through literature and document studies of applicable regulations, as well as an analysis of data misuse practices by illegal online lending entities. The research is descriptive in nature. The research approach used is a statutory regulatory approach and a case study approach. The data collection method used was a literature review, with document analysis and interview guidelines used as tools. The conclusions drawn were then drawn using deductive reasoning. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that legal protection for online loan consumers' personal data, particularly from illegal applications, is regulated in various regulations, such as Law Number 27 of 2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, Law Number 1 of 2024 concerning the Second Amendment to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions, and POJK 10/POJK.05/2022 concerning Technology-Based Joint Funding Services. The OJK plays a central role in overseeing and enforcing online loan providers' compliance with data protection provisions. However, the effectiveness of this legal protection is still hampered by low digital literacy and a lack of education regarding the risks of using illegal online loan services.