Karakterisasi Genetik dan Hubungan Kekerabatan Padi Gogo Lokal Menggunakan Marka Molekuler RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA)

Abstract

DESY FITRI AYUNI. Genetic Characterization and Kinship Relationship of Local Upland Rice Using Molecular Markers RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA) (under the guidance of Mrs. HAFNES WAHYUNI, as the advisory committee).

Characterization activities of germplasm in the conservation and preservation of local varieties in rice plants need to be preserved. One of them is the Characterization of local upland rice in this study. The characterization of this upland rice can identify a large number of DNA polymorphisms in the genome quickly and efficiently the properties of local upland rice, one of which is by utilizing the molecular marker RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). This study aims to characterize, genetic diversity and kinship relationships of local upland rice using molecular markers RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). This research was conducted in the screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture and the Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara, from December 2024 to May 2025. The genetic material used in this study was 19 local upland rice cultivars from Introduction. Samples were isolated and amplified using 3 RAPD primers, namely OPD 3, OPD 8, OPD 13. Determination of band length using UVITEC Cambridge FireReader software with sizes varying between 178 - 1088 bp. Cluster analysis using the UPGMA method and PCoA analysis using MVSP software.

Based on PCoA analysis, there were 5 samples spread, namely Sibahopotali, Siloba, Sibahopo Pinang, Sibara, Siperak cultivars. The results of amplification with 3 RAPD primers produced a percentage of polymorphic bands of 72,3% and Monomorphic 27,7%. The results of cluster analysis showed that 19 cultivars were divided into 3 main groups with a similarity coefficient of 0.4 - 1. The Sikuning and Sioppa Baru cultivars had the most distant genetic kinship based on 3 RAPD primers with a similarity value of 0.171.