Perbandingan Restless Legs Syndrome dan Non Restless Legs Syndrome terhadap Kualitas Tidur dan Hidup pada Pasien Penyakit Ginjal Kronik dengan Hemodialisis di Rs Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background: Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), especially those undergoing hemodialysis. The prevalence of RLS in hemodialysis patients is higher than in the general population, ranging from 5% to 70%. RLS can worsen sleep quality and significantly affect the quality of life of patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. Objective: To assess differences in sleep and quality of life in patients undergoing regular hemodialysis with RLS and non-RLS at Adam Malik Hospital in Medan. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving patients undergoing regular hemodialysis. The instruments used included the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) for RLS diagnosis, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality, and the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-36 (KDQOL-36) to assess quality of life. Results: Analysis of 61 subjects showed a prevalence of RLS in regular hemodialysis patients of 31% and was associated with factors such as age, type 2 DM comorbidity, and blood potassium levels. The total PSQI score was higher in the RLS group (p = 0.00) with sleep disturbances found to be significant in 5 of the 7 PSQI components. Quality of life assessment using the KDQOL-36 showed a significant decrease in the RLS group compared to the non-RLS group, with decreases in the components of kidney disease symptoms, effects of kidney disease, and burden of kidney disease (p values of 0.011, 0.009, and 0.002, respectively). Conclusion: RLS is a common disorder in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis and contributes to reduced sleep quality and quality of life.