Uji Kinerja Generator Berbahan Bakar Biogas dari Limbah Biomassa dengan Pemanfaatan Fly Ash Bottom Ash (FABA) Sebagai Katalis dan Filtrasi Sulfur

Abstract

Renewable energy sources are essential as alternative fuels to substitute fossil energy sources, particularly petroleum, whose reserves continue to decline if their utilization is not properly controlled. Indonesia also needs to strengthen its renewable energy sector in order to produce alternative products that can replace petroleum-based fuels. However, the utilization of biogas as a fuel for electricity generation remains very limited due to the fact that the biogas produced is neither sufficiently pure nor available in large quantities. To address this issue, a filtration process is required to purify the biogas, while the fermentation conditions must be optimized by maintaining a neutral pH. The application of a sulfur filter can be used to purify the biogas, whereas Fly Ash Bottom Ash (FABA), as an industrial by-product, can be utilized to neutralize the acidic environment resulting from the fermentation of cow manure. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the effect of using a sulfur filter and FABA on electricity generation from a generator. The method employed in this research was anaerobic fermentation of organic materials, specifically cow manure and rice straw, with varying Carbon/Nitrogen (C/N) ratios of 26, 28, and 30, which were calculated using the Goal Seek feature in Microsoft Excel. The results of the study indicated that cow manure and rice straw fermented for 21 days at an average temperature of 29.87 °C and an average pH of 7 produced the highest gas mass of 1368,06 grams, an average electrical power output of 202 Watts, and an optimum generator rotational speed of 277.2 rpm.