Perubahan Pola Asuh Lintas Generasi pada Suku Melayu di Kecamatan Medan Johor (Studi Kasus : Perbandingan Pola Asuh antara Generasi X dan Milenial)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the differences in parenting styles between Generation X and Millennials within the Malay ethnic community in Medan Johor District and to identify the factors influencing these changes. The background of this research is rooted in the ongoing social and cultural dynamics driven by globalization, technological advancements, and shifting family values. In the context of the Malay community, traditional parenting—which emphasizes politeness, togetherness, and respect for elders—has experienced noticeable shifts among younger generations. This research employed a qualitative approach using a comparative case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. Informants included parents from Generation X and Millennials of the Malay ethnic group in Medan Johor District. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore the parenting practices applied by each generation. The findings reveal that Generation X predominantly adopts an authoritarian parenting style, emphasizing discipline, obedience, and the reinforcement of religious teachings, customs, and Malay traditions. This parenting style also involves instilling responsibility through household tasks, strict control over children's behavior, and the cultivation of politeness and obedience toward elders. In contrast, Millennial parents display a more democratic and inclusive approach. They are more open to dialogue, utilize technology in parenting processes, and emphasize mental health and creative education. This generation tends to be more flexible in applying rules and prioritizes emotional communication and understanding of children's individual needs. The shift in parenting styles across generations is influenced by several factors, including modernization, globalization, technological advancements, and changes in gender roles within society. Millennials, being more exposed to digital culture, are also more adaptive to modern parenting practices and information sources. Overall, this study concludes that although there are significant shifts in parenting styles, core Malay cultural values such as politeness and togetherness remain preserved, albeit with adjusted forms of implementation. This research provides new insights into the dynamics of parenting within the Malay community and highlights the importance of cultural adaptation in intergenerational parenting practices.