Analisis Kepadatan Penduduk Terhadap Ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Di Kota Binjai

Abstract

The rapid population growth in Binjai City poses challenges in providing Green Open Spaces, which play a crucial role in maintaining environmental quality and urban ecosystem balance. This study aims to analyze the relationship between population density, vegetation density and built-up density in relation to the availability of green open space in Binjai City for the years 2014 and 2024. The methodology involved processing Landsat 8 satellite imagery using NDVI and NDBI transformations, along with population density analysis based on data from the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results show a decline in high vegetation density classes and an increase in built-up areas over the past decade. Population density increased from 2,890.99 people/km² in 2014 to 3,352.92 people/km² in 2024, with the highest density is in Binjai Kota. Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between population density and NDVI or NDBI; however, a strong negative correlation was found between NDVI and NDBI (r = –0.807), indicating that increased built-up areas correspond with reduced vegetation. The reduction in vegetated areas threatens the availability of Green Open Spaces and the city’s environmental quality. By comparing temporal changes over a decade, this research provides empirical evidence essential for policymakers to enhance urban green infrastructure planning. Therefore, sustainable spatial planning policies and increased provision of both public and private green open space— meeting the minimum standard of 30% of the city’s area—are necessary. This study offers strategic recommendations for sustainable urban planning amidst increasing urbanization pressures.