Uji Daya Adaptasi beberapa Varietas Padi Sawah (Oryza sativa L.) Berumur Genjah di Kabupaten Nias Utara

Abstract

NORA INTAN ELFIANI HULU. Adaptability Test of Several Early-Maturing Varieties of Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North Nias Regency (under the guidance of Dr. NOVALINA S.P., M.Si) Rice is an important food crop in Indonesia, including in North Nias. Lowland rice production and productivity in North Nias decreased in 2023 compared to 2022. The use of superior varieties that are adaptive to the environmental conditions in North Nias and have a super early-maturating maturity is an alternative to increase rice productivity and production. This study aims to test the adaptability of several early-maturating varieties of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in North Nias Regency and to provide recommendations for varieties suitable for the agroecological conditions in North Nias. This research was conducted in rice fields owned by farmers in Dahana Lasara Hiligeo Village, Namohalu Esiwa District, North Nias Regency in March-July 2025. The varieties tested consisted of 5 varieties, namely Inpari 32 (as a comparison variety that has been widely planted by farmers in North Nias), Inpari 13, M70D, Trisakti and SRPO8. Rice seeds were planted in rice fields measuring 5 m × 5 m with a spacing of 25 cm x 25 cm for each variety, with a total of 400 plants for each variety. Plant maintenance included irrigation, fertilization, weeding and pest and disease control. Observations were carried out by taking samples from each plot by making 5 tile plots for each variety measuring 1 m x 1 m. Observation variables included plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, flowering age, harvest age, number of panicles, panicle length, panicle weight per hill and yield of full grain weight per plot. Research data were analyzed using the t test. The results showed that the Trisakti, SR PO8, M70D, and Inpari 13 varieties had significantly earlier flowering and harvesting times than Inpari 32. The number of tillers, the number of productive tillers, and the number of harvestable panicles in the Inpari 13 variety were not significantly different from Inpari 32 as a comparison variety, while the other three varieties were significantly lower than the Inpari 32 variety. The panicles in the Inpari 13, M70D, SR PO8, and Trisakti varieties were significantly longer than those in the Inpari 32 variety. The panicle weight per hill in the Inpari 13, M70D, and SR PO8 varieties was not significantly different from the Inpari 32 variety, while the Trisakti variety was significantly lower than the Inpari 32 variety. The weight of full grain in the Inpari 13 variety was higher than that of Inpari 32. The results of this study indicate that the Inpari 13 and M70D varieties can adapt well in North Nias.