Fenomena Pelajar Sma Bolos Sekolah Di Kota Medan

Abstract

The phenomenon of high school students skipping school represents a common form of social deviance among adolescents. In Medan City, this study aims to describe the various forms of truancy committed by students and to identify the factors that encourage such behavior. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach using a case study method. Data were collected through participatory observation, semi-structured interviews with students and coffee shop managers in the Multatuli area, and field documentation. The data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal four types of truancy behavior: (1) planned truancy, (2) spontaneous truancy, (3) group truancy, and (4) individual truancy. The factors driving truancy include internal factors such as learning fatigue, low motivation, and the desire for freedom, as well as external factors such as peer influence, lack of parental supervision, uncommunicative teachers, and a conducive coffee shop environment. Based on Edwin H. Sutherland’s Differential Association Theory, truancy is the result of a social learning process through intense interactions with peer groups. Truancy is not merely an act of individual indiscipline but a social process in which adolescents learn and internalize values that justify deviant behavior. These findings highlight the importance of adopting more inclusive social and educational approaches to understand and address truancy among students.