Masalah Sosial Dalam Novel دم لفطير صهيون Damun Lifaṭīr Ṣahyūn ‘Darah Untuk Rotinya Zionis’ Karya Najib Al-Kailani

Abstract

This study aims to identify and classify social problems that emerge in the novel "Damun Lifaṭīr Ṣahyūn" (Blood for Zion's Bread). Additionally, this study also aims to analyze the impact of social problems depicted in the Zionist Jewish environment in the novel "Damun Lifaṭīr Ṣahyūn" (Blood for Zion's Bread). The methodology used in this study is descriptive narrative research with a literary sociology approach. The main theoretical frameworks are Wellek and Warren's (1989) sosiological theory of literature and Soekanto's (2012) social problem theories, which classify social problems into nine categories: poverty, crime or criminality, family disorganization, youth problems in modern society, war, violation of social norms, population problems, environmental issues, and bureaucracy. The results of the study found that there are 16 social problems in the novel. The social problems found include 8 cases of crime or criminality in sections 3, 13, and 20, 3 cases of family disorganization in sections 3 and 20, 1 case of youth problems in modern society in section 18, 2 cases of violation of social norms in section 13, and 2 cases of bureaucracy in section 15. Based on the analysis conducted in this study, it can be concluded that the novel "Damun Lifaṭīr Ṣahyūn" (Blood for Zion's Bread) has problems that are in line with Soekanto's theory (2012). Thus, the novel "Damun Lifaṭīr Ṣahyūn" is a historical depiction of the past society that occurred in Damascus. In reality, the people of Damascus can now live side by side with various races, tribes, and religions.