Fungsi Pariwisata Pantai Sirombu pada Struktur Sosial-Ekonomi Lokal di Nias Barat: Analisis Berdasarkan Teori Struktural Fungsionalisme Talcott Parsons

Abstract

The tourism sector plays a crucial role in Indonesia’s socio-economic development. Sirombu Beach in West Nias Regency has emerged as a rapidly growing tourist destination that influences local livelihoods, social interactions, and cultural values. This study aims to analyze the function of tourism in shaping and transforming the socio-economic structure of the Sirombu community by applying Talcott Parsons’ structural functionalism theory through the AGIL scheme (Adaptation, Goal Attainment, Integration, Latency). The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that tourism encourages the diversification of livelihoods from traditional sectors such as agriculture and fisheries to services, trade, and tourism-related businesses. Beyond increasing household income, tourism also strengthens social integration through cultural events and collaboration between the community and local government. Nevertheless, challenges remain, including economic disparities and shifts in cultural values. The analysis based on Parsons’ framework shows that adaptation, goal attainment, integration, and latency functions operate simultaneously to maintain social balance. Thus, tourism at Sirombu Beach contributes not only to economic growth but also to shaping social dynamics that support the sustainability of the local community.