Konstruksi Sosial Makna Perempuan dalam Komunitas Suporter Sepak Bola (Studi pada SMeCK Girl Hooligan di Kota Medan)

Abstract

The enthusiasm of the world of supporters which tend to be tough does not neceserally make female fans distance themselves from the world of supporters and try to join with male supporters. SMeCK Hooligan as the supporter group of PSMS Medan has female supporters known as SMeCK Girls who not only support in the stadium, but also participate actively in activities outside the stadium such as social and religious activities. This study aims to describe and analyze the social construction of the meaning of being female within the SMeCK Girl Hooligan community using Peter L. Berger’s theory of social construction of reality. Data were collected through descriptive qualitative methods via observation, interviews, and documentation involving 16 informants who are members of SMeCK Hooligan. The research results show that SMeCK community constructs SMeCK Girls as supporters whose voices are not considered relevant, supporters who must be protected and complementary suporter. Although the existence and role of female in the community have been recognized, the social reality formed by the community still places female's identities in a subordinate position where the form of protection reflects the remnants of patriarchal views in the community. In Berger and Luckmann's theory, the existence, role and identity of SMeCK Girls are the result of a dialectical process of individuals and society that takes place through three stages: externalization where SMeCK Girls express themselves and join the world of supporters, objectification where SMeCK Girls' involvement is recognized by the community even though they are positioned as subordinates and society still gives them labels, and internalization where SMeCK Girls negotiate patriarchal constructions by proving themselves as loyal supporters and living out community values.