Hubungan Kortisol dengan Kualitas Hidup pada Wanita Perimenopause dan Pasca Menopause

Abstract

Background: Menopause is a physiological condition resulting from decreased ovarian function, leading to a reduction in estrogen and progesterone levels. This condition often causes vasomotor symptoms, psychological disturbances, and a decline in quality of life. Cortisol, as the main stress hormone, is associated with menopausal symptoms and quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between cortisol levels and quality of life in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Methods: This analytical study used a cross-sectional design involving 50 women, consisting of 25 perimenopausal and 25 postmenopausal participants. Serum cortisol levels were measured using the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method, while quality of life was assessed using the Kupperman Index questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Mann–Whitney, Kruskal– Wallis, and One-Way ANOVA tests. Results: The median cortisol level in postmenopausal women was 11.3 µg/dL, whereas in perimenopausal women it was 7.34 µg/dL, showing a significant difference (p=0.001). There was no significant difference in quality of life between the two groups (p=0.261). A significant correlation was found between cortisol levels and quality of life in perimenopausal women (p<0.001), but not in postmenopausal women (p=0.795). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between elevated cortisol levels and decreased quality of life among perimenopausal women, while no significant association was observed in postmenopausal women. Stress management and lifestyle modification may help improve the quality of life during the menopausal transition.