Pengaruh Penambahan Nano Partikel (Y2 O3)Terhadap Karakteristik Mekanis (Fe-Cu-Ni)-0.2 Al Medium Entropy Alloy Disintesis Menggunakan Metode Metalurgi Serbuk

Abstract

The use of powder metallurgy in the manufacturing of mechanical components such as gears offers advantages in terms of material efficiency, refined microstructures, and enhanced wear resistance. One promising approach to improving mechanical performance is the addition of reinforcing nanoparticles such as Y2 O3 (yttria) into medium entropy alloy (MEA) systems, particularly Fe-Cu-Ni-0.2Al. This study aims to investigate the effect of varying nano Y2 O3 compositions (0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% wt), compaction pressures (210 MPa, 260 MPa, 310 MPa), and sintering temperatures (950°C, 1000°C, 1050°C) on the mechanical and microstructural properties of Fe-Cu-Ni-0.2Al alloy. The metal powders were mixed using a Vmixer, compacted via warm compaction, and sintered under different temperature conditions. Mechanical characterization included density testing, Vickers hardness, compressive strength, and wear resistance. Microstructural analysis was performed using optical microscopy and SEM-EDS, while phase identification was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Data were analyzed using the Taguchi method for parameter optimization. The addition of Y₂O₃ significantly improved hardness and compressive strength, with optimal properties achieved at 1.5 wt% Y2 O3, 310 MPa compaction pressure, and 1050°C sintering temperature. The highest hardness reached 278 HVN, while the lowest was 192 HVN. Increasing Y₂O₃ content decreased density due to its low specific gravity. Wear rate consistently decreased with higher Y₂O₃ content, indicating enhanced abrasion resistance. SEM analysis showed more uniform phase distribution and reduced porosity at optimal parameters. The addition of Y2 O3 nanoparticles to Fe-Cu-Ni-0.2Al alloy significantly enhances mechanical properties, particularly hardness, compressive strength, and wear resistance. The optimal combination of parameters makes this alloy a strong candidate material for small gear applications with superior mechanical performance.