Analisis Parameter yang Berpengaruh pada Keamanan Grid Pentanahan Gardu Induk pada Tanah Nonhomogen

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of soil resistivity variables (ρ), grid area (A), total length of embedded conductors (Lt/Lm/Ls), and maximum grid current (IG) on three important parameters in the substation grounding system, namely grounding resistance (Rg), touch voltage (Em), and step voltage (Es). This study was conducted using a multiple linear regression analysis approach, and data processing was carried out using SPSS statistical software, with reference to the IEEE Std 80-2013 standard. The results of the analysis show that soil resistivity is the most dominant variable that has a good effect on the three parameters. For grounding resistance (Rg), the coefficient of determination (R²) value reaches 78.7%, the coefficient of determination (R²) Em is 57.9% and the coefficient of determination (R²) Es is 68.3%. These three models show that the lower the soil resistivity (ρ), the smaller the Rg, Em, and Es values produced, thereby increasing the safety of the grounding system. The decrease in soil resistivity has been proven to reduce the values of Rg, Em, and Es well. Thus, the selection of soil types that have low resistivity and optimization of grid design and conductor length can increase the effectiveness and safety of the substation grounding system. From the results of the t-test, it is also known that soil resistivity consistently reduces the three parameters with good influence values. In addition, the conductor length and maximum grid current also show a contribution to the decrease in Em and Es values. However, a small part of the variation of each parameter is still influenced by other variables that are not studied, such as grid depth, geometric corrective factors, and electrode configurations.