Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian ISPA pada Balita di Puskesmas Satria Kota Tebing Tinggi

Abstract

This disease can affect all age groups, but toddlers are the most vulnerable. The high number of ARI cases is influenced by environmental factors, behavioral factors, and healthcare-related factors. Environmental factors include overcrowding and the presence of smokers in the home. Behavioral factors include the use of mosquito coils and the habit of burning trash, while health service factors include the immunization status of toddlers. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the incidence of ARI in toddlers at the Satria Public Health Center in Tebing Tinggi City. The study design is cross-sectional. A sample of 94 respondents was selected using accidental sampling. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire, then analyzed using the Chi-Square test with α = 0.05. The results showed that the incidence of ARI in toddlers at the Satria Public Health Center reached 64.9 percent. The variables significantly associated with ARI incidence were gender (male) (p = 0.012), bedroom occupancy density (p = 0.012), the presence of smokers in the house (p = 0.028), the use of mosquito coils (p = 0.025), and immunization status (p = 0.018). The variables of age (p = 0.363), the habit of burning garbage (p = 0.094) were not significantly associated with the incidence of ARI. The conclusion of this study is that physical environmental factors, maternal behavior, and healthcare services play an important role in the incidence of ARI among toddlers. It is recommended that mothers reduce the use of mosquito coils in the home, use afer alternatives such as mosquito nets to maintain air quality, prevent toddlers from exposure to cigarette smoke, avoid burning garbage around the house, and ensure toddlers receive complete immunizations.