Hubungan Lama Menjalani Hemodialisis terhadap Bone Mineral Disease Dinilai dengan Parameter Biokimia pada Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronis di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that leads to a gradual loss of kidney function, with hemodialysis being a common treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). One of the significant complications in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis is Bone Mineral Disease (BMD), which is often characterized by imbalances in calcium and phosphate metabolism. Studies have indicated that the duration of hemodialysis can influence BMD, though the exact relationship remains unclear, particularly in the Indonesian population. Aim: This study aims to assess the relationship between the duration of hemodialysis and bone mineral disease, as evaluated by serum calcium and phosphate levels, in CKD patients at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, observational study involving 62 patients who are undergoing hemodialysis. The study measures the serum levels of calcium and phosphate, in addition to the duration of hemodialysis. The data were analyzed using statistical methods to determine the correlation between hemodialysis duration and BMD parameters. Results: The study found a significant correlation between the duration of hemodialysis and elevated phosphate levels (p = 0.002) and calcium levels (p = 0.003). These findings suggest that prolonged hemodialysis may contribute to abnormal calcium and phosphate metabolism, leading to bone mineral disease. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for regular monitoring of calcium and phosphate levels in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis, especially those on long-term dialysis, to manage and prevent bone mineral diseases. Further research is needed to explore the impact of long-term dialysis on other aspects of bone health and to develop strategies for preventing or treating BMD in this population. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), Bone Mineral Disease (BMD), Hemodialysis, Calcium, Phosphate.