Penilaian Tingkat Kesehatan Bank Menggunakan Metode Pendekatan RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, Capital) pada Perusahaan Perbankan Konvensional yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2019-2023

Abstract

This study aims to assess the soundness of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2019–2023 period using the RGEC (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) approach. The Risk Profile aspect is assessed using the Non-Performing Loan (NPL) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) indicators. The GCG aspect is measured based on the composite rating of the bank's self-assessment results. The Earnings aspect is assessed using the Return on Assets (ROA), Net Interest Margin (NIM), and Operating Expenses to Operating Income (BOPO) ratios. The Capital aspect is assessed using the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR). This research is a quantitative descriptive study. It uses secondary data from the annual published financial reports of 40 conventional banks obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange and their respective official websites. The analysis process was carried out by classifying each ratio into health categories, assigning weights to the scores, normalizing the scores to percentages, and determining an overall composite ranking. The results of the study indicate that the overall health level of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2019–2023 period is at Composite Rating 2 (Healthy). In detail, the Risk Profile aspect is at rating 2 (Healthy), the Good Corporate Governance (GCG) aspect is at rating 2 (Healthy), the Earnings aspect is at rating 3 (Fairly Healthy), and the Capital aspect is at rating 1 (Very Healthy). These findings suggest that conventional banks in Indonesia have maintained good resilience in facing various external challenges, although profitability and efficiency still need to be continuously improved.