Analisis Risiko pada Proses Produksi Briket Arang terhadap Aspek Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja Menggunakan Structured What If Analysis Technique (SWIFT)

Abstract

Rumah Briket Medan is one of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) engaged in the production of coconut shell charcoal briquettes. The production process involves several stages that have the potential to cause hazards related to Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), such as exposure to smoke, high temperatures, poor lighting, and the use of equipment without personal protective equipment (PPE). This study aims to analyze the risks in the coconut shell charcoal briquette production process in relation to Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) aspects, to reduce the likelihood of occupational accidents and work-related diseases. The specific objectives of this study include identifying potential hazards, analyzing cause-and-effect relationships, assessing risks, and providing control recommendations based on the level of hazardous risk. The method used in this study is the Structured What If Analysis Technique (SWIFT), which applies a “what if” questioning approach to analyze the cause-and-effect relationship of each potential hazard. Risk assessment was conducted using the parameters of severity and frequency to calculate the Risk Rating Number (RRN), which was then categorized according to priority levels. The results show that there are 15 potential hazards identified in the production process, consisting of 8 physical hazards, 5 chemical hazards, and 2 ergonomic hazard. Based on the risk assessment, 4 potential hazards were categorized as high-priority risks, 6 as medium-priority, 5 as low-priority, and no hazards were categorized as very low-priority. Control recommendations were developed based on the hierarchy of control principle, including elimination, substitution, engineering control, administrative control, and personal protective equipment, with a primary focus on high-risk hazards. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for Rumah Briket Medan in improving the implementation of occupational safety and health practices, as well as a reference for future research to conduct similar risk assessments by considering ergonomic and psychological factors of workers.