Pengaruh Aktivitas Harian Lebah Klanceng (Trigona Spp.) Terhadap Polinasi Dan Durasi Pembuahan Tanaman Anggur (Vitis Vinifera L.) Di Desa Sidodadi Ramunia, Kecamatan Beringin

Abstract

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) has been a high-value commodity whose growth has been influenced by the environmental factors and the presence of pollinators, such as stingless bees (Trigona spp.), which have potential as effective pollinators. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the daily activity of Trigona bees on the pollination and the duration of fruit formation in grapes. A randomized block complete (RBC) had been used with three treatments: plants covered without bees (T0), covered with Trigona spp. colony (T1), and uncovered (T2), each by five replications. Observations had been conducted on the bee activity, environmental factors, and other parameters such as fruit number and weight. The results have shown that the highest bee activity occurred at 08:00–08:30 AM by an average of visit duration of 799.8 seconds per 10 minutes and an average of 7.13 flower clusters per 5 minutes visited. Correlation tests between temperature, humidity, and light intensity and bee activity have shown weak positive correlations, while wind speed has shown a weak negative correlation. The T1 treatment (Covered + Trigona spp.) has shown the shortest fruiting time, although there has been no statistically significant difference between treatments. The high fruit set percentage (97.59%) in the T1 treatment has indicated the influence of Trigona spp. as pollinators. This has demonstrated that the presence of Trigona spp. has supported a more efficient fruiting process in grapevines.