Identifikasi Toleransi Kekeringan Beberapa Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) Berumur Genjah

Abstract

Soybean is an important food commodity in Indonesia, but its production is often hampered by climate change and unpredictable weather. Drought stress can reduce plant productivity by disrupting physiological processes and photosynthesis. This study aims to identify the drought tolerance of several early maturing soybean varieties. This study was conducted at the Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Medan, University of Sumatera Utara at an altitude of ± 25 meters below sea level from February 2025 to June 2025. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors: early maturing soybean varieties (Grobogan, Gepak Kuning, and Dega 1) and field capacity (80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%). The results showed that variety treatment significantly affected plant height (2-6 WAP), dry weight of 100 seeds, dry weight of roots, dry weight of seeds/plant, and flowering age. The Dega 1 variety showed the highest values in plant height, dry weight of 100 seeds, dry weight of seeds/plant and was classified as tolerant group on the drought sensitivity index. Meanwhile, the Gepak Kuning variety produced the highest values in root dry weight and flowering age, although it did not produce seeds and the Gepak Kuning variety was included in the tolerant group in the drought sensitivity index parameter. Field capacity treatment significantly affected harvest age, with 60% field capacity (K2) producing the fastest harvest age. The interaction between variety and field capacity significantly affected root dry weight, with the V1K4 treatment (Grobogan at 20% field capacity) showing the highest value.