Peningkatan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Dua Varietas Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) pada Berbagai Media Tanam

Abstract

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an oil-producing crop of high economic value; however, its productivity in Indonesia remains relatively low, necessitating improvement efforts through the selection of appropriate varieties and growing media. This study aimed to examine the effects of different growing media on the growth and yield of two sunflower varieties. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture field from March to June 2025, using a factorial Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor was two sunflower varieties, namely IPB BM1 and Helina IPB. The second factor was growing media consisting of 100% topsoil ; topsoil + sand ; topsoil + cocopeat ; topsoil + oil palm empty fruit bunches ; topsoil + rice husk charcoal. The results showed that the IPB BM1 variety exhibited greater plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh and dry shoot weight, and flower diameter compared to Helina IPB. The topsoil + cocopeat medium produced the highest averages for plant height, stem diameter, and flower diameter, while topsoil + rice husk charcoal resulted in the highest seed weight per plant. The topsoil + EFB medium also supported better leaf area and root development. The interaction between the IPB BM1 variety and the topsoil + cocopeat medium produced the highest averages for plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, fresh and dry shoot weight, and flower diameter, whereas Helina IPB combined with topsoil + rice husk charcoal produced the highest seed weight per plant.