Hubungan Status Gizi dengan Kejadian Atopi pada Siswa-Siswi SMP Harapan 1 Medan

Abstract

Introduction. Nutritional status is an important indicator of health in children and adolescents. Changes in dietary habits and physical activity have led to an increase in higher nutritional status categories such as overweight and obesity. These conditions are not only associated with metabolic disorders but are also thought to influence the immune system through chronic inflammation, which may contribute to the development of atopic diseases. Atopy in adolescents can affect quality of life and long-term health outcomes. Objective. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of atopy among students of SMP Harapan 1 Medan. Method. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among students aged 13–14 years. Nutritional status was assessed using the percentage of weight-for-height (BB/TB) based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000 growth chart, while atopy was assessed using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results. A total of 60.9% of students with higher nutritional status (overweight and obesity) experienced atopy, compared to 56.8% of those with normal and underweight status. The Chi-square test yielded a p-value of 0.753 (p > 0.05), indicating no significant association between nutritional status and atopy. Conclusion. There was no significant association between nutritional status and the incidence of atopy among students aged 13–14 years at SMP Harapan 1 Medan.