Hubungan Kadar Hb (Hemoglobin) dengan kadar CRP (C-Reactive Protein) dan LED (Laju Endap Darah) sebagai Biomarker Inflamasi pada Pasien Artritis Reumatoid di RS Murni Teguh Memorial tahun 2022-2024

Abstract

Introduction. Rheumatoid Arthritis is an autoimmune disease that results in chronic inflammation, therefore leading to joint damage and disability. This prolonged inflammatory process directly contributes to the development of anemia in patients. Inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-Reactive Protein and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, which play a crucial role in assessing disease activity, are assumed to be strongly correlated with decreased hemoglobin levels through an inflammatory mechanism. Objective. This study aims to determine the correlation between hemoglobin levels and both CRP and ESR levels as inflammatory biomarkers in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital. Method. An observational study analysis was conducted using a retrospective cross-sectional design, examining the medical records of 168 patients at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital from 2022 to 2024. Demographics data, Hb, CRP, and ESR levels were noted and managed to undergo thorough analysis. The correlation between these variables was assessed using Spearman correlation, while multivariate analysis was performed using linear regression. Results and Discussion. Among the 168 population, 41,1% had anemia. The mean hemoglobin level across the population was 12,18 g/dL. Most patients showed elevated CRP (56%) and ESR levels (median and mean are 39,50 mm/hour and 44,28 mm/hour, respectively). It was found that there was a significant negative correlation between Hb and both CRP and ESR, demonstrating that lower Hb levels are associated with higher levels of inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, linear regression analysis confirmed that ESR had a significant impact on Hb levels; yet, CRP showed the opposite. Conclusion. A significant negative correlation was apparent between Hb and both CRP and ESR; however, solely ESR emerged as a significant predictor of Hb levels.