Hubungan Usia Kehamilan, Jenis Persalinan, Jenis Kelamin, Berat Badan Lahir, Dan Skor Apgar Terhadap Derajat Keparahan Distres Pernapasan Pada Neonatus Di Unit Nicu RS Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Introduction. Respiratory distress in neonates is a breathing disorder that can occur in newborns and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. This condition is influenced by multiple factors, including preterm birth, delivery by cesarean section, low APGAR scores, male sex, and low birth weight. Early identification of these risk factors is therefore crucial to allow prompt management and reduce neonatal mortality and long-term disability. Objective. This study aims to analyze the relationship between neonatal risk factors and the severity of respiratory distress in neonates. Methods. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design, conducted on 60 samples diagnosed with respiratory distress and recorded in the medical records at Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA, from January 2024 to March 2025. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test to determine the association between risk factors and the severity of neonatal respiratory distress. Results. Chi-square analysis showed that gestational age, mode of delivery, sex, birth weight, and APGAR score had p-values >0.05. However, both gestational age and APGAR score demonstrated a potential association with increased severity of neonatal respiratory distress, as indicated by odds ratios (OR) greater than 2. Conclusion. There was no significant association between gestational age, mode of delivery, sex, birth weight, and APGAR score with the severity of respiratory distress in neonates.