Pengaruh Serum Nanopartikel Ekstrak Daun Kembang Sepatu (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.) 10% terhadap Rasio Neutrofil Limfosit pada Female Androgenetic Alopecia

Abstract

Background: Female androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) is the leading cause of chronic hair loss in women and often impairs quality of life. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a systemic inflammatory marker implicated in FAGA pathogenesis. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn. leaf extract contains bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory potential, making it a candidate therapy for FAGA. Objective: To analyze the effect of 10% nanoparticle serum of hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.) leaf extract on the NLR and changes in hair shaft count in FAGA.

Subjects and Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental clinical trial with a pretest-posttest design involving 42 FAGA subjects aged ≥18 years. Baseline data were recorded, and measurements of the NLR and hair shaft count were taken before and after administration of the 10% nanoparticle serum of hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.) leaf extract for 9 weeks. Data were analyzed descriptively, followed by the Shapiro–Wilk test for normality, the paired T-test for changes in NLR, and repeated-measures ANOVA for changes in hair shaft count. All results were analyzed using statistical software, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: The majority of FAGA subjects were within the 36–45-year age range, with most presenting Ludwig grade I severity (73.8%). The findings demonstrated that administration of 10% nanoparticle serum of hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.) leaf extract resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the NLR (p<0.001) and a significant increase in hair shaft count (p<0.001). No adverse effects were observed among subjects following 9 weeks of serum application. Conclusion: The use of 10% nanoparticle serum of hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn.) leaf extract effectively reduced the NLR and improved hair shaft count without inducing any adverse effects.