Pengaruh Nanoemulgel Ekstrak Kelopak Bunga Rosela (Hibiscus Sabdariffa L.) 0,5% terhadap Penuaan Kulit Wajah

Abstract

Background: Skin aging is a natural biological process influenced by environmental factors such as UV exposure. The use of natural ingredients, such as roselle flower petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), which contain polyphenols in the form of anthocyanins, has potential as an anti aging agent for facial skin by inhibiting free radicals and collagenase. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of using a 0.5% nanoemulgel formulation of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) petal extract on improving signs of facial skin aging. Methods: This study employed a pre experimental design with a pretest posttest approach and no control group. Skin aging diagnosis was based on anamnesis and clinical evaluation. A total of 40 female subjects with an average age of 41 years applied the 0.5% roselle nanoemulgel twice daily for eight weeks. Observations and evaluations were conducted at weeks 0 (before treatment), 2, 4, 6, and 8 using the Dermoscopic Photoaging Scale (DPAS) and a skin analyzer device. Repeated measures ANOVA and Friedman tests were used to assess treatment differences, with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: A significant reduction in DPAS scores was observed starting from week 2 (p=0.001), with the average score decreasing from 9.22 ±2.13 to 6.92 ±1.99. The skin analyzer showed significant improvements in roughness (p<0.001), hyperpigmentation spot (p<0.001), wrinkle (p<0.001), UV moisture (p<0.001), and UV pigmentation (p<0.001). UV damage showed improvement but was not statistically significant (p=0.248). No side effects were observed, and all participants completed the study. Conclusion: The 0.5% roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) nanoemulgel is effective in significantly improving signs of facial skin aging within eight weeks without causing side effects and demonstrates a high level of subject satisfaction.