Pengaruh Minum Air Putih Hangat 4 Gelas 1 Hari dan Jalan 1000 Meter terhadap Faal Paru Pasien dengan Tuberkulosis Diabetes Melitus pada Rumah Sakit di Kota Medan

Abstract

Background: The combination of tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a comorbid condition that exacerbates each other, including impaired lung function. Non-pharmacological interventions such as drinking warm water and light physical activity have the potential to support lung function improvement in TB-DM patients. Aim: To determine the effect of drinking 4 glasses of warm water per day and walking 1,000 meters on lung function in patients with TB-DM. Methods: This study is a pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design involving 31 TB-DM patients at Medan City Hospital. The intervention consisted of consuming 4 glasses of warm water per day and walking 1,000 meters per day for two months. Lung function was assessed based on FVC, FEV₁, and FEV₁/FVC ratio using spirometry. Data analysis was performed using a paired t-test. Results: There was a significant increase in FVC values from 72.32 ± 14.07 to 78.09 ± 13.13 (Δ = 5.77%, p = 0.001) and FEV₁ from 78.58 ± 12.85 to 84.03 ± 10.35 (Δ = 5.45%, p = 0.001). However, the change in the FEV₁/FVC ratio of 0.46% (from 85.51 ± 12.10 to 85.97 ± 11.49) was not significant (p = 0.74). Conclusion: The intervention of drinking warm water and walking 1000 meters per day for two months was found to significantly improve FVC and FEV₁ values in TB-DM patients, but had no significant effect on the FEV₁/FVC ratio. Keywords: Tuberculosis, Diabetes Mellitus, Warm Water, Walking, Lung Function, FEV₁, FVC