| dc.description.abstract | Introduction. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) significantly contributes to the
mortality of coronary heart disease. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential for
improving outcomes. Diagnosing ACS requires consideration of individual
characteristics, clinical presentation, and risk factors. Objective. To determine the
characteristics, clinical presentation, and risk factors of ACS patients. Methods.
The observational study with a cross-sectional design analyzed the frequency
distribution of patients and examined the relationships of age group, gender,
smoking history, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus with the types of ACS (UAP,
NSTEMI, STEMI). Data were collected from medical records at secondary-level
healthcare, Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital,
Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA in 2024. Data analysis
included univariate and bivariate using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests Monte
Carlo simulations. Results and Discussion. Among 259 patients, most ACS cases
occurred in males (62.2%) and those aged 45–59 years (44.8%). The predominant
ACS type was UAP (45.9%). The main clinical presentations were chest pain
(96.5%), radiating chest pain (77.2%), shortness of breath (59.5%), and
palpitations (7.7%). Risk factors included smoking (59.5%), hypertension (65.3%),
and diabetes mellitus (32.8%). Bivariate analysis showed moderate associations
between ACS type and gender (p=0.001, V=0.331), smoking (p=0.001, V=0.335),
hypertension (p=0.001, V=0.268), and DM (p=0.01, V=0.216). Conclusion. Most
ACS patients were aged 45-59 years and male gender. The main symptom was chest
pain, with a history of smoking and hypertension as the most frequent risk factors. | en_US |
