| dc.description.abstract | This study aims to identify and describe the morphological characteristics
of coffee plants (Coffea spp.) cultivated in Humbang Hasundutan Regency,
particularly in the districts of Doloksanggul, Lintongnihuta, and Pollung. The
research employed an exploratory survey method with purposive sampling across
nine selected villages. Twenty-seven coffee accessions were observed based on
qualitative and quantitative morphological traits according to the IPGRI
(International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) coffee descriptor. Data were
analyzed using the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic
Mean) method through the NTSYS software to construct a morphological similarity
dendrogram among accessions.
The results revealed significant morphological diversity among coffee
genotypes across the three districts. Four major clusters with high morphological
similarity values (0.84–1.00) indicated strong genetic homogeneity, whereas
accessions such as C23 and C24 formed distinct clusters with low similarity values
(<0.60), suggesting potential genetic variation for breeding purposes. Cluster A,
dominated by accessions from Doloksanggul and Pollung, exhibited bushy crowns,
oval leaves, and round red fruits, while Cluster B from Lintongnihuta showed
pyramidal crowns, elliptical leaves, and yellow oval fruits. These findings indicate
that the morphological diversity of coffee in Humbang Hasundutan is influenced by
genetic factors, agroclimatic conditions, and local agronomic practices, offering
valuable potential for the development of superior local varieties. | en_US |
